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自由空間光通訊，一種無線光通訊技術，具有高傳輸頻寬、保密性佳、快速架設、與光纖網路的高相容性且無通訊頻段執照限制等優勢。本文介紹自由空間光通訊系統概要，包含雷射調變機制、光放大器、光檢測器及大氣通道特性等，雷射能量的衰減包含物性障礙、大氣擾動、吸收、散射及天候條件等因素。關於自由空間光通訊的發展，固定點對點視距傳輸的靜態系統已發展成熟，應用於光纖通訊的最後一哩路及備援網路，提升通訊網路密度；動態系統的計畫性發展包含陸用、艦用、空用及衛星等光通訊系統應用，建構出高廣度、高彈性及高密度性的視距光通訊傳輸網。Free space optical communication (FSO), a kind of wireless optical communication, has advantages of high bandwidth, high security, rapid setting up, good compatibility to fiber optic communication, and has no limitation of bandwidth license. In this article, the discussion of FSO system includes the mechanism of laser modulation, optical amplifiers, photodetector, and the properties of atmospheric channel. The attenuation factors of laser power comprise physical obstruction, atmospheric turbulence, absorption, scattering, and weather conditions. Referring to the development of FSO, the static system of line-of-sight transmission from ...